關係代名詞which用法完全指南：介係詞搭配 × 學測長難句破解 × 實戰練習
Mar 23. 2025
介係詞+which 情境用法表
| 介係詞 | 語境 | 例句 | 可替代詞 |
|---|---|---|---|
| in which | 空間範圍 | The lab in which we experiment has AC | where |
| of which | 部分關係 | I have 3 pens, of which the red one is missing | - |
| by which | 方法手段 | The method by which he solved it was smart | - |
學測高頻錯誤類型
❌：This is the city where I live in
✅：This is the city where I live
✅： This is the city in which I live
★ Where=in which，因此兩者不能同時出現
實戰演練場
合併句子：
The book is sold out + The book is written by JinYoun
The book which is sold out is written by JinYoun
改錯題：
Hong Kong is a crowded city where more than 7 millions people live in
刪除句尾in，或改為"in which more than..."
核心文法觀念解析
關係代名詞的選擇關鍵在於三個判斷要素：
- 要指稱的先行詞為何?(人/物/地點/時間?)
- 在從句中擔任的角色（主詞/受詞/所有格?）
- 是否需要補充說明（決定用逗號隔開與否）
範例判斷流程：
句子：The museum ______ we visited yesterday is closing soon.
步驟分析：
- 先行詞：museum（地點/物）
- 從句結構：we visited [ ] → 缺少受詞
- 答案選擇：which/that/省略
長難句拆解實戰
原句：The research center in which groundbreaking discoveries were made, which was founded in 1998, will be expanded next year.
拆解步驟：
- 找主句動詞：will be expanded
- 分離關係子句：
- 限定用法：in which...（修飾center）
- 補述用法：, which...（補充說明center）
- 中譯：1998年成立的、有重大發現的研究中心將擴建
原句：The method by which he solved the problem, which surprised everyone, has been published.
結構分析：
- 原句： He solved the problem by the method
- 雙重修飾：
- by which：說明方法手段
- , which：補充驚人事實
即時練習區
題目1：合併句子
The project was completed last month + The project involved 20 countries
題目2：改錯題
This is the hospital which he works.